Abstract
General Directorate of Special Education was established in 1980 and it has been transformed into the Presidency of Special Education and Guidance Department. 1992 and Presidencies of Department and 23 Branch Offices have been established within the body of General Directorate in order to carry out the services and activities more effectively and extensively.
Besides this department in 1997, it has been set up another department depended on Prime Ministry named 'Turkish Republic Prime Ministry Department for the Affairs of Disabled People'.
According to the Act Number 573, Basic Principles of Special Education are:
a) Special Education is an inseparable part of the general public
education.
b) Each child who needs special education would benefit from
special education regardless of his/her present special condition.
c) It is
essential to initiate the special education as early as possible.
d)
Special education Services are planned to be as near as possible to the
children by taking the children's special circumstances into consideration.
e) Necessary cautions are taken in order to educate the children who need
special education with their normal peers in the general public schools
institutions if they have the characteristics appropriate for this type of
education.
f) It is essential to make vocational education and
rehabilitation to be carried out persistently for the children who need special
education.
g) Pre-school, elementary, secondary, vocational and diffused
education services for the children who need special education are planned by
related institutions.
Special Education Institutions
The institutions which are
tied to Ministry of National Education and interested in diagnosis, vocational
rehabilitation, care, and education/training of the children who need special
education as follows:
a) Guidance and Research Centres.
b) The units
related to the school guidance services.
c) Public and private elementary
and secondary schools.
d) Boarding special education schools.
e)
Home-boarding special education schools and classes.
f) Vocational schools
and vocational education centres.
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